Bexagliflozin: A review

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is one of the most common chronic noncommunicable diseases (NND), its is one of the leading causes of illness and death worldwide. As of 2021, type 2 diabetes ranked among the top causes of premature death and was responsible for more than 6.5 million deaths. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2)inhibitors are a rather new type of oral antidiabetic medicines that inhibit renalsodium and glucose reabsorption by lowering the renal threshold for glucose absorptionin the proximal tubule, thereby causing glycosuria and natriuresis. On 20 January 2023,the US FDA approved bexagliflozin for the treatment of type 2 diabetes as an adjuncttherapy to diet and exercise. Bexagliflozin became the fifth orally administered SGLT-2 inhibitor after canagliflozin, dapagliflozin, empagliflozin, and ertugliflozin approved.This review aims to summarize the structure, mechanism, pharmacological properties,efficacy, indications and contraindications, drug interactions, toxicity of bexagliflozin.